© 2003 Robert A. Freitas Jr. All Rights Reserved.

Robert A. Freitas Jr., Nanomedicine, Volume IIA: Biocompatibility, Landes Bioscience, Georgetown, TX, 2003

References 4400-4499

4400. B.B. Hemmingsen, “Promotion of gas bubble formation by ingested nuclei in the ciliate, Tetrahymena pyriformis,” Cell Biophys. 8(June 1986):189-200.

4401. R. Skalak, A. Tozeren, R.P. Zarda, S. Chien, “Strain energy function of red blood cell membranes,” Biophys. J. 13(1973):245-264.

4402. “Stelios T. Tzannis - RPI 1991, Tutorial On Cell Disruption,” 3 June 1996; http://web.archive.org/web/20020612014720/http://www.esb.ucp.pt/~bungah/working/disrupt.htm

4403. Z. Zhang, R. Saunders, C.R. Thomas, “Mechanical strength of single microcapsules determined by a novel micromanipulation technique,” J. Microencapsul. 16(January-February 1999):117-124.

4404. D.S. Miller, S.B. Horowitz, “Intracellular compartmentalization of adenosine trisphosphate,” J. Biol. Chem. 261(25 October 1986):13911-13915.

4405. T.Y. Aw, “Intracellular compartmentation of organelles and gradients of low molecular weight species,” Int. Rev. Cytol. 192(2000):223-253.

4406. J.F. Hoffman, “ATP compartmentation in human erythrocytes,” Curr. Opin. Hematol. 4(March 1997):112-115.

4407. G.R. Welch, J.S. Easterby, “Metabolic channeling versus free diffusion: transition-time analysis,” Trends Biochem. Sci. 19(May 1994):193-197; J.M. Rohwer, P.W. Postma, B.N. Kholodenko, H.V. Westerhoff, “Implications of macromolecular crowding for signal transduction and metabolite channeling,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 95(1 September 1998):10547-10552; H.O. Spivey, J. Ovadi, “Substrate channeling,” Methods 19(October 1999):306-321.

4408. M. al-Habori, “Microcompartmentation, metabolic channeling and carbohydrate metabolism,” Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 27(February 1995):123-132; J. Ovadi, P.A. Srere, “Macromolecular compartmentation and channeling,” Int. Rev. Cytol. 192(2000):255-280.

4409. K. Luby-Phelps, “Cytoarchitecture and physical properties of cytoplasm: volume, viscosity, diffusion, intracellular surface area,” Int. Rev. Cytol. 192(2000):189-221.

4410. C. Masters, “Interactions between glycolytic enzymes and components of the cytomatrix,” J. Cell Biol. 99(July 1984):222-225; H.R. Knull, J.L. Walsh, “Association of glycolytic enzymes with the cytoskeleton,” Curr. Top. Cell Regul. 33(1992):15-30; H. Knull, A.P. Minton, “Structure within eukaryotic cytoplasm and its relationship to glycolytic metabolism,” Cell Biochem. Funct. 14(December 1996):237-248; J. Wang, D.R. Tolan, L. Pagliaro, “Metabolic compartmentation in living cells: structural association of aldolase,” Exp. Cell Res. 237(15 December 1997):445-451.

4411. P.W. Hochachka, “The metabolic implications of intracellular circulation,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 96(26 October 1999):12233-12239.

4412. E. Potma, W.P. de Boeij, P.J. van Haastert, D.A. Wiersma, “Real-time visualization of intracellular hydrodynamics in single living cells,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 98(13 February 2001):1577-1582.

4413. D.S. Miller, Y.T. Lau, S.B. Horowitz, “Artifacts caused by cell microinjection,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 81(March 1984):1426-1430.

4414. J.C. Ellsmere, R.A. Khanna, J.M. Lee, “Mechanical loading of bovine pericardium accelerates enzymatic degradation,” Biomaterials 20(June 1999):1143-1150.

4415. K.P. Mitton, S.J. Tumminia, J. Arora, P. Zelenka, D.L. Epstein, P. Russell, “Transient loss of alphaB-crystallin: an early cellular response to mechanical stretch,” Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 235(9 June 1997):69-73.

4416. T. Fujisawa, T. Hattori, K. Takahashi, T. Kuboki, A. Yamashita, M. Takigawa, “Cyclic mechanical stress induces extracellular matrix degration in cultured chondrocytes via gene expression of matrix metalloproteinases and interleukin-1,” J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 125(May 1999):966-975.

4417. K.L. Byron, J.L. Puglisi, J.R. Holda, D. Eble, A.M. Samarel, “Myosin heavy chain turnover in cultured neonatal rat heart cells: effects of [Ca2+]I and contractile activity,” Am. J. Physiol. 271(November 1996):C1447-C1456.

4418. D.F. Goldspink, V.M. Cox, S.K. Smith, L.A. Eaves, N.J. Osbaldeston, D.M. Lee, D. Mantle, “Muscle growth in response to mechanical stimuli,” Am. J. Physiol. 268(February 1995):E288-E297.

4419. E.E. Gordon, Y. Kira, L.M. Demers, H.E. Morgan, “Aortic pressure as a determinant of cardiac protein degradation,” Am. J. Physiol. 250(June 1986):C932-C938.

4420. T. Takala, J.K. Hiltunen, I.E. Hassinen, “The mechanism of ammonia production and the effect of mechanical work load on proteolysis and amino acid catabolism in isolated perfused rat heart,” Biochem. J. 192(15 October 1980):285-295.

4421. C.J. Norbury, I.D. Hickson, “Cellular responses to DNA damage,” Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 41(2001):367-401.

4422. B. Morrison III, J.H. Eberwine, D.F. Meaney, T.K. McIntosh, “Traumatic injury induces differential expression of cell death genes in organotypic brain slice cultures determined by complementary DNA array hybridization,” Neuroscience 96(2000):131-139.

4423. M. Lanteri-Minet, J.A. Desmeules, D. Menetrey, “Opposite effects of axon damage on heat shock proteins (hsp 70) and ubiquitin contents in motor neurons of neuropathic rats,” Neurosci. Lett. 153(16 April 1993):49-52.

4424. Q.L. Deveraux, H.R. Stennicke, G.S. Salvesen, J.C. Reed, “Endogenous inhibitors of caspases,” J. Clin. Immunol. 19(November 1999:388-398.

4425. G.S. Robertson, S.J. Crocker, D.W. Nicholson, J.B. Schulz, “Neuroprotection by the inhibition of apoptosis,” Brain Pathol. 10(April 2000):283-292.

4426. Y.L. Yang, X.M. Li, “The IAP family: endogenous caspase inhibitors with multiple biological activities,” Cell Res. 10(September 2000):169-177.

4427. R.J. Clem, “Baculoviruses and apoptosis: the good, the bad, and the ugly,” Cell Death Differ. 8(February 2001):137-143.

4428. J.L. Shisler, B. Moss, “Immunology 102 at poxvirus U: avoiding apoptosis,” Semin. Immunol. 13(February 2001):67-72.

4429. S.B. Bratton, G.M. Cohen, “Apoptotic death sensor: an organelle’s alter ego?” Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 22(June 2001):306-315.

4430. G. Powis, W.R. Montfort, “Properties and biological activities of thioredoxins,” Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct. 30(2001):421-455; Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 41(2001):261-295.

4431. Y.A. Goffin, Y. Thoua, P.R. Potvliege, “Microdeposition of amyloid in the joints,” Ann. Rheum. Dis. 40(February 1981):27-33.

4432. C.K. Wong, C.S. Lin, “Friction amyloidosis,” Int. J. Dermatol. 27(June 1988):302-307.

4433. E.M. Castano, B. Frangione, “Non-Alzheimer’s disease amyloidoses of the nervous system,” Curr. Opin. Neurol. 8(August 1995):279-285.

4434. K. Ohashi, “Pathogenesis of beta2-microglobulin amyloidosis,” Pathol. Int. 51(January 2001):1-10.

4435. S.A. Wainwright, W.D. Biggs, J.D. Currey, J.M. Gosline, Mechanical Design in Organisms. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1976.

4436. D.R. Veronda, R.A. Westmann, “Mechanical characterization of skin-finite deformations,” J. Biomech. 3(January 1970):111-124.

4437. R.D. Harkness, “Mechanical properties of collagenous tissues,” in B.S. Gould, ed., Treatise on Collagen, Volume 2A, Academic Press, New York, 1968, pp. 247-310.

4438. Mayo Health Oasis, “Your Pregnancy, Third Trimester: Physical Changes and Symptoms,” adapted from Mayo Clinic Complete Book of Pregnancy and Baby’s First Year, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 1997; http://www.homearts.com/depts/health/mayo/bab_3_1.htm

4439. Glade B. Curtis, Judith Schuler, Your Pregnancy Week by Week, 4th Edition, Fisher Books/Perseus Books Group, Cambridge, MA, 2000; http://www.mdadvice.com/library/urpreg/wbw.htm

4440. “Gaucher’s Disease Symptoms,” Gaucher’s Disease Community, Accordant Health Services, Inc., March 2000; http://www.help4gaucherdisease.com/gauchers_symptoms.htm

4441. J. Murray Estess, “Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy,” 15 October 1998; http://www.med.virginia.edu/medicine/clinical/internal/conf/chiefs9899/alcohol.html

4442. William S. Spector, ed., Handbook of Biological Data, W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia PA, 1956.

4443. J. Heathcote, “Ocular causes of blindness,” Clinical Neurological Sciences, Dept. of Pathology and Ophthalmology, University of Western Ontario, March 2001; http://www.uwo.ca/pathol/MedsI/Q3/ocularblind.html

4444. L.A. Virgilio, R.J. Williams, G.K. Klintworth, “An unusually large human eye with abnormal scleral collagen,” Arch. Ophthalmol. 94(January 1976):101-105.

4445. M. de Jesus Ventura, D. Amato, R. Correa-Rotter, R. Paniagua, “Relationship between fill volume, intraperitoneal pressure, body size, and subjective discomfort in CAPD patients. Mexican Nephrology Collaborative Study Group,” Perit. Dial. Int. 20(March-April 2000):188-193.

4446. J.S. Faires, L.J. McCarty Jr. “Acute arthritis in man and dog after intrasynovial injection of sodium urate crystals,” Lancet 2(1962):682.

4447. E. Pascual, V. Jovani, “A quantitative study of the phagocytosis of urate crystals in the synovial fluid of asymptomatic joints of patients with gout,” Br. J. Rheumatol. 34(August 1995):724-726.

4448. A.G. Fam, M.D. Reis, J.P. Szalai, “Acute gouty synovitis associated with ‘urate milk’,” J. Rheumatol. 24(December 1997):2389-2393.

4449. Michael S. Hershfield, ‘Chapter 299. Gout and uric acid metabolism,” Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 21st Edition, W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, PA, 1999.

4450. Stephen J. Getting, Roderick J. Flower, Luca Parente, Rinaldo de Medicis, Andre Lussier, Barry A. Woliztky, Marco A. Martins, Mauro Perretti, “Molecular determinants of monosodium urate crystal-induced murine peritonitis: a role for endogenous mast cells and a distinct requirement for endothelial-derived selectins,” J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 283(October 1997):123-130.

4451. A.M. Beutler, G.F. Keenan, S. Soloway, D. Norden, M. Luchi, H.R. Schumacher Jr., “Soluble urate in sera and synovial fluids from patients with different joint disorders,” Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 14(May-June 1996):249-254.

4452. Darshna R. Yagnik, Philippa Hillyer, Diane Marshall, Cheryl D.W. Smythe, Thomas Krausz, Dorian O. Haskard, R. Clive Landis, “Noninflammatory phagocytosis of monosodium urate monohydrate crystals by mouse macrophages,” Arthritis Rheum. 43(August 2000):1779-1789.

4453. K.P. Pritzker, C.E. Zahn, S.C. Nyburg, S.C. Luk, J.B. Houpt, “The ultrastructure of urate crystals in gout,” J. Rheumatol. 5(Spring 1978):7-18.

4454. I.H. Johnston, J.O. Rowan, D.M. Park, M.J. Rennie, “Raised intracranial pressure and cerebral blood flow. 5. Effects of episodic intracranial pressure waves in primates,” J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 38(November 1975):1076-1082.

4455. A. Rudehill, P. Hjemdahl, A. Sollevi, C. Sylven, A. Owall, “Changes in cardiac metabolism, perfusion, ECG and plasma catecholamines during increased intracranial pressure in the pig,” Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand. 31(May 1987):265-272.

4456. R. Grant, B. Condon, J. Patterson, D.J. Wyper, M.D. Hadley, G.M. Teasdale, “Changes in cranial CSF volume during hypercapnia and hypocapnia,” J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 52(February 1989):218-222.

4457. R. Grant, B. Condon, I. Hart, G.M. Teasdale, “Changes in intracranial CSF volume after lumbar puncture and their relationship to post-LP headache,” J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 54(May 1991):440-442.

4458. B. Mokri, S.F. Hunter, J.L. Atkinson, D.G. Piepgras, “Orthostatic headaches caused by CSF leak but with normal CSF pressures,” Neurology 51(September 1998):786-790.

4459. B. Mokri, J.L. Atkinson, D.G. Piepgras, “Absent headache despite CSF volume depletion (intracranial hypotension),” Neurology 55(12 December 2000):1722-1724.

4460. T.C. Brightbill, R.S. Goodwin, R.G. Ford, “Magnetic resonance imaging of intracranial hypotension syndrome with pathophysiological correlation,” Headache 40(April 2000):292-299.

4461. C.P. O’Carroll, M. Brant-Zawadzki, “The syndrome of spontaneous intracranial hypotension,” Cephalalgia 19(March 1999):80-87.

4462. R. Martin York, “Brain tumors,” in J. Willis Hurst, ed., Medicine for the Practicing Physician, Third Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston MA, 1992, pp. 112-113.

4463. A.H. Ropper, D.C. Miller, “Acute traumatic midbrain hemorrhage,” Ann. Neurol. 18(July 1985):80-86.

4464. A. Bollati, F. Giunta, A. Lenzi, G. Marini, “Third ventricle intrinsic craniopharingioma, Case report,” J. Neurosurg. Sci. 18(July-September 1974):216-219.

4465. Animal Protocol Review Committee, “APRC-1 review guidelines. Section H – Tumor Studies,” Office of Research, Baylor College of Medicine, 17 May 1996; http://research.bcm.tmc.edu/ccm/guidelines.html

4466. “Guidelines on CCLAC Animal Procedures,” Office of Research Affairs, University of California, Riverside, 2001; http://www.ora.ucr.edu/ORA/Compliance/ComplianceGuidelinesAnimal.htm

4467. Personal communication, A4M Conference on Anti-Aging Research, December 1999, Las Vegas, NV.

4468. “PVC Compound – Powder/Pellets,” Material Safety Data Sheets, RJF International Corporation, 31 March 2000; http://www.rjfinternational.com/msds/msds_06.htm

4469. “Mineral Filled PolyMethylMethacrylate,” MSDS 1, Staron Materials Safety Data Sheet, Cheil Industries Inc., 20 December 1998; http://www.staron.com/technical/msds1.shtml

4470. “Chemical Safety,” Department of Environmental Health and Safety, University of Central Florida; http://www.ehs.ucf.edu/labsafe/chemsaf.html

4471. Alfred H. Holway, Edwin G. Boring, “Determinants of apparent visual size with distance variant,” Am. J. Psychol. 54(January 1941):21-37.

4472. S. Kosslyn, S. Pinker, W. Simcox, L. Parkin, Understanding Charts and Graphs: A Project in Applied Cognitive Science, National Institute of Education, ED 1.310/2:238687, January 1983. Cited by: Hikmet Senay, Eve Ignatius, “Rules and Principles of Scientific Data Visualization,” Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, George Washington University, 1989; http://www.css.tayloru.edu/instrmat/graphics/hypervis/percept/visrules.htm. See also: J.D. Wilson, “Case Study: Modeling the Forest,” MicroStation Manager, October 1998; http://www.msmonline.com/extra/oct98/case2.htm

4473. N.I. Berlin, S.M. Lewis, “Measurement of total RBC volume relative to lean body mass for diagnosis of polycythemia,” Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 114(December 2000):922-926.

4474. P.B. Dobrin, A.A. Rovick, “Influence of vascular smooth muscle on contractile mechanics and elasticity of arteries,” Amer. J. Physiol. 217(December 1969):1644-1651.

4475. A.W. Yu, Z.M. Nawab, W.E. Barnes, K.N. Lai, T.S. Ing, J.T. Daugirdas, “Splanchnic erythrocyte content decreases during hemodialysis: a new compensatory mechanism for hypovolemia,” Kidney Int. 51(June 1997):1986-1990.

4476. R.J. Price, J.S. Lee, T.C. Skalak, “Microvascular volume contribution to hemorrhage compensation,” Am. J. Physiol. 264(June 1993):H2085-H2093.

4477. J. Tuckman, A. Blumberg, “Serial measurements of total blood volume in patients on maintenance hemodialysis,” Klin. Wochenschr. 54(1 August 1976):735-738.

4478. M.I. Talan, B.T. Engel, “Effect of sympathetic blockade on diurnal variation of hemodynamic patterns,” Am. J. Physiol. 256(March 1989):R778-R785.

4479. J.C. Bock, B.C. Barker, A.G. Clinton, M.B. Wilson, F.R. Lewis, “Post-traumatic changes in, and effect of colloid osmotic pressure on the distribution of body water,” Ann. Surg. 210(September 1989):395-403, 403-405 (discussion).

4480. W. Schmidt, B. Biermann, P. Winchenbach, S. Lison, D. Boning, “How valid is the determination of hematocrit values to detect blood manipulation?” Int. J. Sports Med. 21(February 2000):133-138.

4481. M.J. Whittlesey, C.M. Maresh, L.E. Armstrong, T.S. Morocco, D.R. Hannon, C.L. Gabaree, J.R. Hoffman, “Plasma volume responses to consecutive anaerobic exercise tests,” Int. J. Sports Med. 17(May 1996):268-271.

4482. H. Brahm, K. Piehl-Aulin, S. Ljunghall, “Bone metabolism during exercise and recovery: the influence of plasma volume and physical fitness,” Calcif. Tissue Int. 61(September 1997):192-198.

4483. P.M. Hayes, J.C. Lucas, X. Shi, “Importance of post-exercise hypotension in plasma volume restoration,” Acta Physiol. Scand. 169(June 2000):115-124.

4484. N. Fellmann, “Hormonal and plasma volume alterations following endurance exercise. A brief review,” Sports Med. 13(January 1992):37-49.

4485. L.M. Holtzhausen, T.D. Noakes, “The prevalence and significance of post-exercise (postural) hypotension in ultramarathon runners,” Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 27(December 1995):1595-1601.

4486. K.E. Fallon, G. Sivyer, K. Sivyer, A. Dare, “The biochemistry of runners in a 1600 km ultramarathon,” Br. J. Sports Med. 33(August 1999):264-269.

4487. M. Fishbein, Popular Illustrated Medical Encyclopedia, Doubleday, New York, 1979.

4488. R.S. Hillman, “Acute blood loss anemia,” in E. Beutler, M.A. Lichtman, B.S. Coller, T.J. Kipps, eds., Williams Hematology, Fifth Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1995, pp. 704-708.

4489. W.H. Weihe, ed., Physiological Effects of High Altitude, Macmillan, New York, 1964.

4490. J.H. Modell, F. Moya, “Effects of volume of aspirated fluid during chlorinated water fresh water drowning,” Anesthesiol. 27(1966):662-672.

4491. S.M. Grant, H.J. Green, S.M. Phillips, J.R. Sutton, “Effects of acute expansion of plasma volume on cardiovascular and thermal function during prolonged exercise,” Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol. 76(1997):356-362.

4492. M.D. Schoenberg, P.A. Gilman, V.R. Mumaw, R.D. Moore, “The phagocytosis of uniform polystyrene latex particles (PLP) by the reticulo-endothelial system (RES) in the rabbit,” Brit. J. Experim. Pathol. 42(1961):486-495.

4493. F.S. Mishkin, R.E. Brashear, “Pulmonary and systemic blood pressure responses to large doses of albumin microspheres,” J. Nucl. Med. 12(May 1971):251-252.

4494. R.M. Gesler, P.J. Garvin, B. Klamer, R.U. Robinson, C.R. Thompson, W.R. Gibson, F.C. Wheeler, R.G. Carlson, “The biologic effects of polystyrene latex particles administered intravenously to rats – a collaborative study,” Bull. Parenter. Drug Assoc. 27(May-June 1973):101-113.

4495. H.G. Schroeder, G.H. Simmons, P.P. DeLuca, “Distribution of radiolabeled subvisible microspheres after intravenous administration to beagle dogs,” J. Pharm. Sci. 67(April 1978):504-507.

4496. D.R. Allen, J.M. Ferens, F.W. Cheney, W.B. Nelp, “Critical evaluation of acute cardiopulmonary toxicity of microspheres,” J. Nucl. Med. 19(November 1978):1204-1208.

4497. M.A. Davis, R.A. Taube, “Pulmonary perfusion imaging: acute toxicity and safety factors as a function of particle size,” J. Nucl. Med. 19(November 1978):1209-1213.

4498. M. Kanke, G.H. Simmons, D.L. Weiss, B.A. Bivens, P.P. DeLuca, “Clearance of Ce141-labeled microspheres from blood and distribution in specific organs following intravenous and intraarterial administration in beagle dogs,” J. Pharm. Sci. 69(July 1980):755-762.

4499. Henrik Madsen, Ole Winding, “Release of foreign bodies (particles) by clinical use of intravenous infusion sets,” Biomaterials 17(April 1996):663-666.

Last updated on 16 April 2004